A report is most useful when the result can be traced to the material and conditions that produced it. Before focusing on a headline number, read the sample information, the analytical question and the method scope.
Start with the sample identifier
Check that the sample or lot identifier on the report matches the material you are evaluating. A result for a different batch is not a measurement of the batch in front of you. Note who supplied the sample and which organization performed the work.
Read the measurement and units
Look for the reported quantity and its units. Relative chromatographic area, concentration and mass per vial describe different things. Do not substitute one for another without the method and calculations needed to support that conversion.
Look for method support
The preparation, measurement conditions, reference materials, calibration and controls provide context for the result. The relevant details vary with the analytical question. Missing details should prompt a question about the report’s scope.
Keep the limitations attached
Read any exclusions, uncertainty statements and limitations. A measurement does not establish every property of a material. Check the report date and revision so you know which record is current.
Keep supplier and laboratory records distinct
A supplier’s stated batch value and a laboratory’s measured result are different sources of information. Preserve both sources and their identifiers when comparing records.